Only driving your car on short trips will destroy the engine quickly. Ok, maybe not quickly, but it will last half as long or worse compared with an engine that gets good and used. The engine needs to get hot and stay hot. In the 'old country' when these were used as taxis, often they'd run until it was time to shut them off to change the oil. Those engines lasted, and lasted.... and lasted.
And you'll find cars in the US with 400K+ miles on them that have run highway trips for years, and they still run like new.
And then you'll find the low mileage ones. They tend to always need the most work and never run quite right.
I work for a school bus distributor and see the same thing. The same engines are used in many over the road trucks. They'll go half a million miles or more in a truck, and require major work with less than 100K miles in a school bus- which is basically a short trip pickup and delivery vehicle.
Take your car on trips! Increasing the reading on the odometer won't hurt the value. It wants to cruise at 75 mph all day long. These cars love to run. Diesel engines are like your body. Use them or lose them.