A post on MB World suggested that my accident with the wrench had damaged a fusible link that is in the cable that runs from the starter to the alternator. I unfastened the cable and was able to confirm that that was the problem.
However, the term "unfastened the cable" understates the complexity of the task. The configuration of the M271 engine required me to (1) Dismount a refrigerant line, (2) Detach a steering coupling and (3) Partially detach the supercharger dampener. Then, I had enough room to put a 13mm wrench on the bolt holding the battery/starter/alternator wire in place and remove it.
Once I had the bolt off, I was able to pull it over the bell housing. I had to open up the protective casing to access the 175-amp fusible link. Then, I verified that the link had blown with my test light. The battery side of the link had power:
The other side did not.
Unfortunately, it does not appear that a replacement link can be swapped in. I searched on the term "175-amp fusible link" and couldn't find anything that looked like the one in the car. The fusible links that my search identified had different configurations. It looks like the one Mercedes used was crimped on using a machine that could generate a significant amount of force.
Note how the fusible link is crimped in place.
I want the repair I make to be reliable although I can find 175 amp fusible links, they look like this:
If I use a fusible link like this, I need to find a way to install that won't allow it to come loose over time. A better option may be to replace the entire cable with one from a recycling yard. I have access to a C230 that I used to harvest replacement parts. Unfortunately, it is sitting on flat tires in the owner's back yard. To remove the bolt on the starter, I must get under the car and I cannot think of a safe way to do that.
I found one on an auction site for a coupe, but the listing doesn't confirm that the cable will fit a sedan. I may take a chance and buy it anyway.
I will appreciate any suggestions.